What are the GNSS positioning systems in the world?

GPS (Global Positioning System) of the United States: consisting of 24 satellites, launched in 1978 and fully completed in 1994, with a positioning accuracy of about 10 meters. Its characteristics include all-weather service, high-precision timing and dual-use nature, and it is widely used in navigation, mapping and other fields.

GLONASS, Russia: Similar in principle to GPS technology, but uses a different signal frequency. It was deployed in 1982, and 24 satellites were deployed in 2010, with a positioning accuracy of 5-10 meters, especially in the Arctic region.

European Union Galileo (Galileo): the first purely civil system, put into operation in 2016, with positioning accuracy of 1 meter, stronger anti-jamming capability, providing independent navigation capability for Europe.

China’s BDS (Beidou Navigation Satellite System): The global network will be completed in 2020, with the original short message communication function. The positioning accuracy in the Asia-Pacific region can reach centimeter level, and the global service is about 10 meters. Its “5G + Beidou” technology redefines the boundary of space-time perception.

IRNSS (Regional Navigation Satellite System) of India: It covers 1500 km of India and surrounding areas, mainly serving the South Asian region.